The representativeness heuristic is most likely to produce a correct decision. So, the correct choice is option a.
The heuristics mentioned in the question are the representativeness heuristic, the recognition heuristic, the anchoring and adjustment heuristic, and the availability heuristic. Therefore, option a is the correct choice.
The heuristics are mental shortcuts that help individuals make decisions quickly and efficiently. Out of the four options provided, the representativeness heuristic is most likely to produce a correct decision. This heuristic involves making judgments based on how similar something is to a prototype or previous example.
For example, if someone is asked to determine which profession a person is more likely to have, given that they enjoy reading and are quiet, they may assume the person is a librarian rather than a truck driver because a librarian is more representative of someone who enjoys reading and is quiet. This heuristic can help individuals make accurate decisions when the sample is representative of the population and the base rates are taken into account.