Final answer:
A doctor treating anxiety with drugs based on neurotransmitter imbalance is using the medical model, which relies on pharmacotherapy to correct biochemical dysfunctions. This model is one of several that can be adopted by different cultures, who may put varying degrees of emphasis on biomedicine for mental health treatment.
Step-by-step explanation:
A doctor who views anxiety as the result of a neurotransmitter imbalance and treats this disorder with drugs is following the medical model. This model is founded on the belief that psychological disorders like anxiety can be attributed to imbalances in neurotransmitter levels. Psychotropic medications are often used to restore this balance and improve symptoms.
The medical model contrasts with other perspectives such as the psychological, sociocultural, or demonology models. It relies heavily on a biological understanding of disease and tends to use pharmacotherapy to correct underlying biochemical dysfunctions.
It's important to recognize the cultural aspects of mental health treatment, as they differ substantially around the world. The acceptance of the medical model can vary by culture. For instance, other cultures may integrate spiritual or community-based approaches alongside or instead of pharmacotherapy.