Final answer:
Sea and land breezes are caused by convection, where warmer air rises and cooler air flows in to replace it, with some radiation involved as the sun heats the land.
Step-by-step explanation:
The modes of heat transfer responsible for sea breeze and land breeze are primarily convection. During the day, the land heats up faster than the ocean due to the lower specific heat capacity of the land surfaces. This causes the air above the land to warm and rise, creating a lower pressure area. Cooler air from over the water moves in to replace the rising warm air, creating a sea breeze. At night, the process is reversed. The land loses heat more quickly than the water, causing the air above the land to cool down and sink, creating higher pressure over the land. This causes the cooler air to move out towards the sea, resulting in a land breeze. While most of the heat transfer in this process occurs through convection, there can also be an element of radiation during the day, as the sun heats the land directly.