Final answer:
In the context of technological advancement, when a company outsources the invention of technology to another organization, such as a research laboratory, it is known as contracted development. This approach allows the company to leverage external R&D expertise and may involve collaboration with government-funded entities, which could influence the technology's broad availability and the direction of the research. Therefore correct option is B
Step-by-step explanation:
In the context of innovation and technological advancement, a scenario in which a company pays another organization to invent technology for it is referred to as contracted development. This can involve an independent or government research laboratory undertaking research and development (R&D) tasks on behalf of the company. Funding innovation through this model is an alternative to internal development within a company's own R&D department. While internal development may involve a significant investment of resources and time by the company, contracted development allows the company to tap into external expertise and possibly avoid some of the direct costs and risks associated with R&D. However, this also means the resulting technology might be more widely available for use by other firms, especially if government entity is involved.
Government can promote technological advancement via several policy tools, such as direct government funding of R&D, tax incentives, protection of intellectual property, and forming cooperative relationships between academia and the private sector. These mechanisms aim to increase the rate of return for new technology and encourage its development. Public funding in R&D is one way to overcome the challenge that the future of technology is uncertain and the broad availability of new inventions reduces the motivation for private investment in R&D. Despite these efforts, government-funded R&D can sometimes be influenced by political factors rather than purely scientific or economic motivations.