Final answer:
Aggregate planning involves determining the production plan and workforce based on varying demand. Mathematical models and optimization techniques can be used to find the optimal production plan while minimizing costs and meeting demand requirements.
Step-by-step explanation:
The specific demand values for each month provided by the firm can be used to formulate an aggregate planning problem. Aggregate planning is the process of determining the overall production plan and workforce for a specified time period, taking into account factors such as demand, resources, and capacity constraints.
In this case, the firm needs to decide what product or products to produce, what production process to use, how much output to produce, what price to charge for the products, and how much labor to employ.
For example, the firm can use mathematical models and optimization techniques to find the optimal production plan that minimizes the total costs while meeting the demand requirements.