Final answer:
Mindfulness is the awareness and focus on the present moment, acknowledging one's thoughts, feelings, and sensations without judgment. It can be applied to both internal processes and external observations and is related to sociological awareness and understanding cultural diversity. The choice of option is C. a cognitive process in which we take into account another person's thoughts, feelings, values, background, and perspectives.
Step-by-step explanation:
Mindfulness is generally defined as a state of active, open attention to the present moment. It involves being aware of one's own thoughts, feelings, and sensations without judgement. This description closely resembles option B, which mentions awareness of cultural differences and the connection between thoughts and deeds in cross-cultural interactions.
However, mindfulness also refers to a broader practice of heightened awareness and focus, which can be applied to both internal processes and external objects, as described in scholarly works and through various meditation techniques, such as mindfulness meditation.
Furthermore, the sociological imagination ties closely with being mindful, as it involves an awareness of the relationship between personal experiences and the wider culture. Understanding cultural diversity and studying other cultures can improve one's mindfulness in respect to their own culture.
Therefore, being mindful is more than merely adjusting our behavior or feeling what others feel; it's a comprehensive awareness that encompasses empathy, cultural insights, and cognitive processing.