Final answer:
Andrew Jackson was criticized by his opponents for excessive use of executive power, which deviated from the traditional limits within the constitutional checks and balances. His policy on Indian Removal and implementation of the spoils system exemplified his assertive approach. A famous 1833 political cartoon criticized Jackson's authoritarian tendencies. The correct answer is option C.
Step-by-step explanation:
Andrew Jackson’s opponents criticized him for using too much executive power and for not adhering strictly to the checks and balances designed by the Constitution. This criticism points to Jackson’s assertive use of presidential powers, such as his use of the veto and patronage, to promote his vision for America. A key example of this was his policy regarding the Indian Removal, which was seen as a forceful action that removed Native Americans from their ancestral lands. Jackson’s opponents depicted him as a tyrant, as seen in an 1833 political cartoon where he is labeled “King Andrew”. Despite his popularity with the public, Jackson also faced criticism for these actions, which were contrary to the more restrained use of executive power exercised by his predecessors.
Regarding the options provided, Jackson was known for instituting the spoils system rather than avoiding it, rewarding his followers with government positions. Additionally, Jackson was not too peaceful or refined, nor was he friendly to American Indians as his policies led to their forced removal. Therefore, critics accused Jackson of excessive use of executive power, reflecting concerns about his presidential behavior.