Final answer:
The correct option is b Work specialization is defined as the ways tasks are divided into jobs within an organization, which enables employees to focus on specific tasks that suit their skills and interests, leading to increased efficiency and productivity.
Step-by-step explanation:
Work specialization, within the context of organizational structures and management, is best described as the ways tasks are divided into jobs. It refers to the process whereby each individual in an organization focuses on a specialized task or job that corresponds with their skills, talents, and interests. For instance, in a restaurant setting, job specialization involves having roles such as top chefs, sous chefs, servers, greeters, and business managers, who are all focused on specific aspects of the business to ensure efficiency and effectiveness.
Such division of labor not only ensures that tasks are completed by those best suited for them, whether due to education, talent, or geographic opportunities, but also improves overall productivity. Comparative advantage comes into play as individuals and businesses concentrate on the production of goods or services for which they are best suited, rather than handling multiple roles for which they may not be as skilled.