Final answer:
Botulism, caused by the anaerobic bacterium Clostridium botulinum, is the condition that is an intoxication due to ingestion of preformed bacterial toxin in food.
Step-by-step explanation:
The condition that is both an intoxication and caused by an anaerobic bacterium is botulism. Botulism is a rare but serious condition characterized by the harmful effects of a toxin produced by the anaerobic bacterium Clostridium botulinum. This toxin can cause neurological problems leading to paralysis and is most commonly associated with improperly canned or preserved foods where an anaerobic environment allows the bacteria to thrive and produce the toxin.
Botulism can occur through foodborne sources when preformed bacterial toxin, known as botulinum toxin or BoNT, is ingested with food. The symptoms of botulism can be quite severe and potentially fatal, highlighting the importance of proper food handling and canning procedures to prevent the creation of environments conducive to Clostridium botulinum growth.