Final answer:
Symbolic-interaction theory explains that mass media and social media shape the reality we experience by contributing to the social construction of reality. Media acts as both primary and reference groups influencing norms, values, and perceptions of success, while also shaping collective memory and identity through their portrayal of cultural events. The possible choice of option is c) shape the reality we experience.
Step-by-step explanation:
The symbolic-interaction theory can be applied to explain how the mass media and social media shape the reality we experience. The media play a crucial role in the social construction of reality, which is the process by which people subjectively create and understand reality. Through the dissemination of symbols and information, media influence our perception of what is normal and desirable.
They can turn characters we watch into a 'primary group', impacting our closest social circles, or serve as a 'reference group' by which we measure our successes and failures. The symbols provided by the media can suggest everything from high social status to an idealized professional life.
Moreover, by providing cultural touchstones during significant national events, and through the socialization process that imparts norms, values, and beliefs, media is instrumental in shaping collective memory and identity. The impact of technology and media is nuanced and may differ according to various sociological perspectives, such as functionalism and conflict theory, but the symbolic interactionist perspective particularly focuses on the meaning created through interactions with media and technology.