Final answer:
The Securities Exchange Act of 1934 requires companies with securities traded on national exchanges or OTC markets to periodically file reports with the SEC to ensure transparency and fair trading practices.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Securities Exchange Act of 1934 imposes several requirements on companies with securities traded on national securities exchanges or over-the-counter (OTC) markets. One of the crucial requirements is that these companies must file periodic reports, which include annual and quarterly reports, with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). These filings provide transparency and disclose important financial information and other significant details to the public and investors, ensuring a fair and orderly functioning of the securities markets.
By adhering to these regulations, companies contribute to the prevention of fraud and malpractice in the markets, helping to avoid adverse events such as the catastrophic stock market crash of 1929. The SEC's regulations also apply to brokers, dealers, and bankers involved in the sale of securities. Companies listed on various stock exchanges, such as the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), NASDAQ, and regional stock markets, must comply with these rules to maintain their listings and to ensure ethical trading practices.