Final answer:
A)Ethnocentrism is the belief that one's own culture is superior to others and involves judging other cultures by one's own cultural standards.
Step-by-step explanation:
The tendency to favor one's own group over other groups is the definition of ethnocentrism. Ethnocentrism is the belief or attitude that one's own culture or group is better than all others. It involves evaluating and judging another culture based on one's own cultural norms. For example, viewing driving on the left side of the road as 'wrong' instead of just 'different', or the perception of certain types of food as inappropriate, are manifestations of ethnocentric views. This concept is a crucial part of understanding social dynamics and is often contrasted with cultural relativism, which suggests evaluating cultures by their own standards rather than one's own.