Final answer:
A magnitude 5.9 earthquake could potentially cause more damage than a 7.5 magnitude earthquake if local buildings are not earthquake-resistant, despite being weaker on the Richter scale. The correct answer is option 2.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Richter scale is a logarithmic measure of the amplitude and energy of earthquakes. While a magnitude 5.9 earthquake is weaker than a magnitude 7.5 on the Richter scale, it could potentially cause more damage if the buildings and structures in the affected area are not built to withstand earthquakes. Time of year is generally not a variable that impacts the damage caused by an earthquake. The key factors that determine the level of destruction include the earthquake's depth, distance from the epicenter, local building standards, and the ground material on which structures are built.