Final answer:
The % by mass of Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen in carvone are 79.96%, 9.39%, and 10.65%, respectively, calculated by determining the molar mass of each element in the compound and dividing it by the total molar mass.
Step-by-step explanation:
The percentage by mass of Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), and Oxygen (O) in spearmint oil's compound, carvone (C10H14O), can be calculated by first determining the molar mass of the compound and then calculating the percentage contribution of each element to this molar mass.
To calculate the molar mass of carvone, we use the atomic masses of Carbon (12.01 g/mol), Hydrogen (1.008 g/mol), and Oxygen (16.00 g/mol) from the periodic table:
- 10 Carbon atoms: 10 x 12.01 g/mol = 120.1 g/mol
- 14 Hydrogen atoms: 14 x 1.008 g/mol = 14.112 g/mol
- 1 Oxygen atom: 1 x 16.00 g/mol = 16.00 g/mol
Add these together to find the molar mass of carvone:
120.1 g/mol + 14.112 g/mol + 16.00 g/mol = 150.212 g/mol
Now, calculate the percentage by mass for each element:
- Carbon: (120.1 g/mol / 150.212 g/mol) x 100 = 79.96%
- Hydrogen: (14.112 g/mol / 150.212 g/mol) x 100 = 9.39%
- Oxygen: (16.00 g/mol / 150.212 g/mol) x 100 = 10.65%
Therefore, in carvone, the percentages by mass of Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen are 79.96%, 9.39%, and 10.65%, respectively.