Final answer:
The clause in question describes the Earth's shape as an oblate ellipsoid due to its rotation, which causes the equator to bulge and the poles to flatten. This shape affects geographical and Earth science concepts like latitude, climate, and gravity.
Step-by-step explanation:
The clause 'Because it is flattened at the poles and enlarged at the equator' is describing the shape of the Earth, which is not a perfect sphere due to its rotation. This rotation causes the equator to bulge out slightly, making Earth an oblate ellipsoid.
The Earth's rotation and its effects on the planet's shape are crucial factors in understanding geography and the basics of Earth Science.
On the Earth, lines of latitude called parallels, define the position North or South of the equator, which itself is the largest of these circles of latitude. The equator, designated as 0 degrees latitude, divides Earth into the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.
Earth's flattened shape at the poles has significant consequences on everything from climate to the gravity experienced at different latitudes. Therefore, understanding the Earth's geometry is key to many fields of Earth science.