Final answer:
Word formation involves combining stems with suffixes and prefixes to create new words; 'dangerousness' is an example, formed from 'danger' by adding the suffixes '-ous' and '-ness'.
Step-by-step explanation:
The process of word formation for the words resident, understand, present, minimal, and danger involves combining different stems with appropriate suffixes and sometimes prefixes to create new words or derivative forms. For example, the word 'danger' can be transformed into 'dangerous' by adding the suffix '-ous', indicating a state of having danger. Similarly, by adding the suffix '-ness' to the stem 'dangerous', we get the noun form 'dangerousness', which refers to the state or quality of being dangerous.
Looking at the provided reference analysis, we see a similar pattern where a stem is combined with the suffix '-ness'. This yields new noun forms that describe the state or quality of the stem word, such as 'foreignness', 'venerableness', and 'forgiveness'. The process of word formation can involve various rules and exceptions, such as the addition of 'i' in 'neighborliness', showing the complexity and richness of the English language.