Final answer:
The new president can prevent the law from going into effect by vetoing the bill, issuing a signing statement, or using the pocket veto if Congress adjourns. A two-thirds majority vote in both houses can still override the veto and pass the bill into law.
Step-by-step explanation:
In this scenario, the new president has a few options to prevent the law from going into effect. The first option is for the new president to veto the bill. This means the president will reject the bill and send it back to Congress with a "veto message." However, for the veto to be overridden and the law to still go into effect, a two-thirds majority vote in both the House and Senate is needed.
Another option is for the new president to issue a "signing statement." This is a statement expressing the president's opinion on the constitutionality of certain provisions of the bill if they infringe on the president's executive power.
Lastly, if the new president does nothing, the bill will become law without their signature after ten days (not counting Sundays), as long as Congress does not adjourn within that time period. If Congress adjourns, the president can "pocket veto" the bill by refusing to sign it.