Final answer:
Amicus curiae translates to 'Friend of the court,' and it represents briefs submitted by those not party to a case but who wish to influence the court's decision based on the potential impact on society or specific groups.
Step-by-step explanation:
Amicus curiae is generally translated as meaning "Friend of the court". It refers to briefs filed by individuals or entities who are not a party to a case but who offer information, expertise, or insight that has a bearing on the issues in the case.
This is particularly common in appellate courts, where an amicus curiae may provide arguments and facts from relevant precedents that can influence the court's decision.
The submission of these briefs is often used by interest groups to suggest how a court's decision may impact the general public or specific populations, even if the group is not directly involved in the litigation. The role of the solicitor general may also involve filing amicus curiae briefs on behalf of the federal government when it is not a party to a case, advising the Supreme Court about the government's position and potential interest in the case.