Final answer:
Men without close social ties have higher rates of mortality, especially when compared to those with stronger social relationships, which have been shown to significantly increase the likelihood of survival.
Step-by-step explanation:
Among men aged 20 to 93 years old without close social ties, research indicates that these individuals have higher rates of mortality compared to men with more extensive social networks. Studies, such as the one conducted in Alameda County, California, showed that men who reported a lack of social and community ties had a significantly increased risk of dying over a 9-year follow-up period. Furthermore, social support has been identified as a critical psychosocial factor affecting health outcomes, with stronger social relationships being associated with a 50% greater likelihood of survival.