Final answer:
Telemachus grows from a passive youth into a competent leader with Athena's mentorship, developing Greek heroic traits such as arete—excellence and virtue. His journey is pivotal for his character development and for asserting his rightful position in Ithaca.
Step-by-step explanation:
In Homer's The Odyssey, Telemachus, the son of Odysseus, grows significantly as a character during his journey to find his father. This growth is evident as he evolves from a passive and uncertain young man into a more assertive and competent individual. Athena, the goddess of wisdom, plays a critical role in Telemachus' development by providing guidance and support. She instills in him the courage needed for his quest, strengthening his resolve and teaching him the skills necessary to become a leader. Telemachus' experience allows him to gain confidence and to start making his own decisions, which ultimately helps him to take charge of his father's kingdom in Odysseus' absence.
The role of Athena as a divine mentor to Telemachus highlights the theme of the gods' involvement in human affairs, which is a common motif in Greek literature. As Telemachus encounters various challenges, Athena's assistance enables him to surmount them while also developing the attributes of a Greek hero, showcasing arete—excellence in character and abilities. Through his transformative experiences and the wisdom bestowed by Athena, Telemachus matures and becomes a beacon of hope and strength for his household, preparing the way for his father's return and the restoration of order in Ithaca.