Final answer:
Light will not pass through two Polaroid filters when their axes are perpendicular to each other, a result of the polarization process demonstrated in Figure 27.41.
Step-by-step explanation:
When dealing with Polaroid filters, light will not pass through if their axes are positioned perpendicular to each other. This effect can be observed in common items such as sunglasses that utilize polarized lenses to reduce glare. Polarization by reflection demonstrates that when polarized light is reflected off surfaces like water or glass, it can be diminished or blocked by these filters. Specifically, Figure 27.41 illustrates the polarization process, showing that when the axes of two polarizing filters are perpendicular, no light passes through.
To further explain, an initially unpolarized light becomes polarized as it passes through the first filter, aligning along its axis. If the second filter is parallel to the first, all light passes through; as it's rotated, less light passes, until it's perpendicular, where no light passes. Thus, by controlling the orientation of the second filter, the amount of light transmitted can be manipulated.