Final answer:
The healthy male reproductive system has microorganisms mainly located in the distal urethra, forming a controlled microflora akin to that on the skin. In females, a balanced microbiota, primarily composed of Lactobacillus spp., is crucial for vaginal health, and disruptions can lead to bacterial vaginosis.
Step-by-step explanation:
The normal flora present in the healthy male reproductive system is not characterized by bacterial overgrowth, but rather by a more controlled presence of microorganisms, particularly within the distal urethra. These microorganisms are typically species common to the skin's microbiota. This contrasts with the female reproductive system where the normal flora, predominantly Lactobacillus species, plays a vital role in maintaining the vaginal environment by producing lactic acid, therefore contributing to its acidity and defending against infections.
Factors that affect the microbiota of the female reproductive tract include hormone levels, particularly estrogen, which can influence levels of glycogen and lactic acid production. The microbiota can be disturbed by practices such as douching, which can disrupt the natural balance of microorganisms and increase the risk of infection.
Natural Microbiota Balance
In both males and females, the normal microbiota provides an important defense against infectious diseases. In the case of the female reproductive system, an overgrowth of normal bacteria without causing inflammation results in a condition known as bacterial vaginosis, which underscores the significance of a balanced microbial community.