Final answer:
It is true that an interviewee can "hire" an employer. Asymmetric information in the labor market is managed through various signals like education and references provided to the employer, indicating the applicant's potential. Additionally, asking a job applicant which state they were born in is an illegal interview question in the U.S.
Step-by-step explanation:
It is true that an interviewee can use the interview to "hire" an employer. Job interviews are a two-way process where not only does the employer learn about the prospective employee's qualifications and compatibility with the job role, but also the interviewee evaluates the company to determine if it aligns with their career goals and values. One of the critical ways that asymmetric information in the labor market is addressed is by providing signals to the employer that may indicate key attributes of the employee. For example, having a degree from a reputable institution, maintaining a high grade point average (GPA), having received awards, and strong references can all serve as indications of a candidate's hard work, perseverance, and ability. These factors help reassure possible employers who cannot observe many key employee attributes until after the person is hired.
When it comes to illegal job interview questions, the correct answer is b. Which state were you born in? This question may lead to discriminatory practices and is not allowed under U.S. employment law. Pertinent questions about qualifications and job-related abilities are permitted, such as asking about university education and relevant licenses or discussing expected salary for the position.