Final answer:
The cerebral cortex is the brain structure responsible for complex functions like perception, emotion, movement, and thought.
Step-by-step explanation:
The area or structure of the brain responsible for the most complex aspects of perception, emotion, movement, and thought is known as the cerebral cortex. The cerebral cortex is part of the cerebrum, which contains several key areas including the basal nuclei responsible for cognitive processing, the basal forebrain important in learning and memory, and the limbic cortex involved in emotion and behavior. The amygdala within the limbic system is specifically known for its role in emotions such as fear and anxiety. Additionally, the cerebral cortex includes various regions such as primary sensory or motor areas, association areas, and multimodal integration areas which are involved in high-level cognitive functions including attention, memory, language, judgment, and abstract reasoning.