Final answer:
Option d. Existential is not one of the major psychological approaches in the field of psychology. The major approaches traditionally recognized are Biological, Behavioral, and Cognitive.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer to the student's question is option d. Existential, as it is not one of the major psychological approaches traditionally recognized in the field of psychology. The major perspectives within psychology include the biological approach, which looks at the physiological and genetic underpinnings of behavior; the behavioral approach, which focuses on how behavior is learned and influenced by the environment; and the cognitive approach, which concentrates on the mental processes involved in knowing, such as perception, thinking, memory, and judgment.
From the given options:
- Biological perspective suggests that behavior and mental processes are largely shaped by biological processes.
- Behavioral perspective, based on the work of psychologists like B.F. Skinner, posits that behavior is learned through interactions with the environment.
- Cognitive perspective deals with how we encode, process, store, and retrieve information.
- The existential perspective, while it can be used in therapy and understanding human behavior, is not typically categorized among the major schools of thought in psychology. It addresses more abstract concepts such as meaning, choice, and existential angst.
Therefore, the existential perspective is the correct answer for the psychology approach that is not recognized as one of the major ones alongside Biological, Behavioral, and Cognitive approaches.