Final answer:
The major function of the reproductive system is to ensure the survival of a species by producing offspring. The male reproductive system produces sperm and releases testosterone, while the female reproductive system produces eggs, secretes estrogen, and carries a fetus to term.
Step-by-step explanation:
The major function of the reproductive system is the propagation of the species, essentially ensuring the continuity of life. Reproduction is the biological process by which new individual organisms - offspring - are produced from their parents. In the context of human biology, it involves the male and female reproductive systems, each having specialized functions.
The male reproductive system is primarily responsible for producing sperm, which is the male gamete, and secreting testosterone, the dominant male sex hormone. Testosterone plays a crucial role in the development of male reproductive organs and secondary sexual characteristics during puberty.
Similarly, the female reproductive system has several key functions which include the production of gametes known as eggs, secretion of sex hormones like estrogen, providing a suitable environment for fertilization, and nurturing the fetus throughout pregnancy to childbirth.
Both systems are essential for the survival of a species. Without reproduction, all complex organisms would eventually face extinction as individuals are subject to mortality.