Final answer:
The lipoprotein associated with "bad" cholesterol is Low-density lipoprotein (LDL), which can lead to plaque buildup in arteries and contribute to atherosclerosis. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is considered "good" cholesterol because it helps remove cholesterol from the bloodstream.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of lipoprotein associated with "bad" cholesterol and the production of atherosclerotic changes in blood vessels is Low-density lipoprotein (LDL). LDL is often referred to as bad cholesterol because it transports cholesterol from the liver to the cells and, when in excess, can lead to the buildup of plaque in the arteries, potentially causing atherosclerosis. This plaque narrows blood vessels and can result in restricted blood flow, inflammation, tissue death, and an increased risk of heart attacks and strokes. Conversely, High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is known as the "good" cholesterol transporter because it helps remove cholesterol from the bloodstream, carrying it back to the liver.
With a greater proportion of lipid compared to protein, lipoproteins like LDL are less dense, hence the designation 'low-density.' Those with more protein, like HDL, are denser and thus called 'high-density.' The balance between LDL and HDL levels is crucial for cardiovascular health. LDL's contribution to plaque formation makes it an important factor to monitor and regulate through lifestyle and dietary choices to prevent atherosclerosis and related health issues.