Final answer:
In Texas, the budget typically goes into effect at the start of the next fiscal year following approval by the legislature and action by the governor, factoring in the implementation lag and legislative lag that can result from the budget process and any partisan disagreement.
Step-by-step explanation:
In Texas, once the legislature passes a budget and the governor has taken action, such as signing or vetoing the bill, the budget typically goes into effect at the start of the next fiscal year. This allows for what is known as the implementation lag, which is the time it takes to disperse the approved funds to the appropriate agencies and begin the projects or programs outlined in the budget. Additionally, the governor has the power not only to sign or veto legislation but also to initiate budget proposals that reflect their policy priorities and funding preferences. If a budget is vetoed and the veto is not overridden by a two-thirds majority in the legislature, the governor's signature is necessary to enact the budget.
Furthermore, budget resolutions and the budget itself can be affected by the legislative lag, which refers to the time it takes to pass a bill, and the intensity of any partisan conflict or disagreements between branches of government that may arise during the budget process.