Final answer:
A higher pH corresponds to a lower [H+]. Option B is correct.
Step-by-step explanation:
A higher pH corresponds to a lower [H+] because pH is a logarithmic scale measuring the concentration of hydrogen ions ([H+]) in a solution; as pH increases, the acidity decreases. pH is calculated as the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration: pH = -log[H+]. Therefore, when pH increases, the negative logarithm value decreases, indicating a lower [H+] concentration. Conversely, a lower pH indicates higher acidity, signifying a higher concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution.
Understanding this relationship is crucial in various fields, including chemistry, biology, and environmental science. For instance, in biological systems, maintaining specific pH levels is vital for enzyme functionality and cellular processes. In environmental science, pH affects the health of ecosystems; a change in pH can impact aquatic life in rivers and oceans.
Correct answer: b. a lower [H+]