Final answer:
Karl Marx's perspective on social class is focused on economic relations and the control of production, not on differences in prestige or status. His theory posits that class struggle, rooted in economic inequality, is the driving force of historical change, potentially culminating in revolution. b. false.
Step-by-step explanation:
Karl Marx argued that social class division was rooted in individuals' relationships to the means of production, not differences in prestige or status. The claim that Marx believed social class included differences in prestige is false. Marx's analysis of class is predominantly economic, focusing on the material relationship between the bourgeoisie, who own the means of production, and the proletariat, who sell their labor. He did not argue that social class was determined by the level of prestige one had but by one's role in the production process and the resultant economic class distinctions.
Marx's theory of class struggle is a central element of his work; he saw the history of society as being characterized by class conflicts. The bourgeoisie, exploiting the proletariat's labor, amass wealth and political power, thus perpetuating a cycle of domination and oppression. Marx believed that eventually, this tension would lead to a revolution spearheaded by the working class aiming to take control of the means of production and establish a socialist society.
In summary, Marx's perspective on class focused on economic relations rather than social status or prestige, seeing this economic divide as the foundation of class struggle and the impetus for historical change and societal revolution.