Final answer:
William Golding seems to suggest that man possesses an innate capacity for evil, demonstrated through the actions and evolution of the characters in 'Lord of the Flies.' The novel and other historical texts delve into the philosophical and theological exploration of good and evil, often concluding that these are human constructs that vary based on interpretation.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question pertains to William Golding's intentions in his portrayal of human nature in his work, likely referencing 'Lord of the Flies,' a classic novel often discussed in high school English literature classes. Through the narrative of the novel, Golding explores the concept of human nature and the inherent qualities within it. The central question appears to be focused on whether Golding views man as inherently good, evil, or neither, as well as considering the possible duality of good and evil within mankind.
Golding's depiction of human nature suggests that he views man as inherently evil or at least possessing an innate capacity for evil. This perspective is notably explored through the character development and the breakdown of social order on the island where the novel is set. Over the course of the story, the isolation from society allows for the inherent tendencies of the characters to manifest, often in destructive and violent ways.
Historical and philosophical perspectives, including those from St. Augustine and Irenaeus, also weigh in on the nature of good and evil. St. Augustine's view presents the fall of humanity as the root of evil, while Irenaeus's developmental view implies a soul-making process towards ultimate good despite the presence of evil.