Final answer:
Jack becomes the chief of all the boys, except Ralph, through fear and coercion.
Step-by-step explanation:
The subject of the question is History, specifically related to political power and leadership. The answer to the question is option C: Fear and coercion. In the given text, it is mentioned that Jack becomes the chief of all the boys, except Ralph, through fear and coercion. This means that he uses intimidation and force to gain control and maintain his position as the leader.
For example, in the text, the young man mentions how his father brought seven hundred votes to the polls for his candidate through a hint to form themselves into a society and a bit of red and blue bunting to make them a flag. This indicates the use of fear tactics and manipulation to influence the voting outcome.