Final answer:
It is false that scientists have agreed on a simple measure of intelligence based on the ability to solve abstract mathematical puzzles. Intelligence is a complex construct influenced by multiple factors and cannot be reduced to a single dimension or type of test.
Step-by-step explanation:
The notion that scientists have agreed upon a simple measure of intelligence being the ability to solve abstract mathematical puzzles is false. Intelligence is a multi-faceted concept that cannot be fully encapsulated by a single type of test or measure. The study of intelligence in psychology acknowledges various forms such as fluid intelligence, characterized by the ability to see complex relationships and solve novel problems, and analytical intelligence, which pertains to academic problem-solving and computations. Additionally, Plato's belief about arriving at truth through abstract reasoning and mathematics touches on the philosophical underpinnings of what constitutes knowledge and understanding, but does not necessarily provide a comprehensive measure of intelligence.
Mathematics, while often associated with logical reasoning and problem-solving skills, is just one domain of cognitive functioning. Intelligence involves a wider range of cognitive abilities, including memory, creativity, emotional understanding, and practical problem-solving in everyday situations. Moreover, intelligence is influenced by a variety of factors such as genetics, environment, education, and socio-economic status. Therefore, it is inaccurate to state that there is a universally accepted simple measure of intelligence, as it is a construct that is much too complex to be reduced to a single dimension.