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National Bank currently has $500 million in transaction deposits on its balance sheet. The current reserve requirement is 10 percent, but the Federal Reserve is decreasing this requirement to 8 percent. a. Show the balance sheet of the Federal Reserve and National Bank if National Bank converts all excess reserves to loans, but borrowers return only 50 percent of these funds to National Bank as transaction deposits. b. Show the balance sheet of the Federal Reserve and National Bank if National Bank converts 75 percent of its excess reserves to loans and borrowers return 60 percent of these funds to National Bank as transaction deposits.

User Tohv
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Answer:

See all the required balance sheets below.

Step-by-step explanation:

a. Show the balance sheet of the Federal Reserve and National Bank if National Bank converts all excess reserves to loans, but borrowers return only 50 percent of these funds to National Bank as transaction deposits

a(1) The Initial Balance Sheet will look as follows:

Federal Reserve Bank

Balance Sheet

Particulars Amount ($' million)

Assets

Treasury Securities (w.1) 50

Liabilities

Reserves (w.1) 50

National Bank

Balance Sheet

Particulars Amount ($' million)

Assets

Reserve deposits at Fed (w.1) 50

Loan 450

Total assets 500

Liabilities

Deposit 500

Total liabilities 500

a(2) The Balance Sheet after all the changes will look as follows:

Federal Reserve Bank

Balance Sheet

Particulars Amount ($' million)

Assets

Treasury Securities (w.5) 41.38

Liabilities

Reserve (w.5) 41.38

National Bank

Balance Sheet

Particulars Amount ($' million)

Assets

Reserve deposits at Fed (w.5) 41.38

Loan (w.6) 475.86

Total assets 517.24

Liabilities

Deposit 517.24

Total liabilities 517.24

b. Show the balance sheet of the Federal Reserve and National Bank if National Bank converts 75 percent of its excess reserves to loans and borrowers return 60 percent of these funds to National Bank as transaction deposits.

b(1) The Initial Balance Sheet will look as follows:

Federal Reserve Bank

Balance Sheet

Particulars Amount ($' million)

Assets

Treasury Securities (w.1) 50

Liabilities

Reserves (w.1) 50

National Bank

Balance Sheet

Particulars Amount ($' million)

Assets

Reserve deposits at Fed (w.1) 50

Loan 450

Total assets 500

Liabilities

Deposit 500

Total liabilities 500

b(2) The Balance Sheet after all the changes will look as follows:

Federal Reserve Bank

Balance Sheet

Particulars Amount ($' million)

Assets

Treasury Securities (w.5) 41.38

Liabilities

Reserve (w.5) 41.38

National Bank

Balance Sheet

Particulars Amount ($' million)

Assets

Reserve deposits at Fed (w.10) 41.25

Loan (w.11) 474.38

Total assets 515.63

Liabilities

Deposit 515.63

Total liabilities 515.63

Workings:

For part a

w.1: Treasury Securities = Reserves = Current transaction deposits * Current reserve requirement percentage = $500 million * 10% = $50 million

w.2: New initial required reserves = Current transaction deposits * New reserve requirement percentage = $500 million * 8% = $500 million * 8% = $40 million

w.3: Change in bank deposits = (1/(New reserve requirement percentage + (1 – Percentage returned by borrowers))) * (Old initial required reserves - New initial required reserves) * Percentage of excess reserves converted to loans by National Bank = (1/(8% + (1 - 50%))) * (50 million - $40 million) * 100 = 17.24 million

w.4: New transaction deposits = Current transaction deposits + Change in bank deposits = $500 million + $17.24 million = $517.24 million

w.5: Treasury Securities = Reserve deposits at Fed = New transaction deposits * New reserve requirement percentage = $517.24 million * 8% = $41.38 million

w.6: Loans = New transaction deposits - Reserve deposits at Fed = $517.24 million - $41.38 million = $475.86 million

For part b.

w.7: New initial required reserves = Current transaction deposits * New reserve requirement percentage = $500 million * 8% = $500 million * 8% = $40 million

w.8: Change in bank deposits = (1/(New reserve requirement percentage + (1 – Percentage returned by borrowers))) * (Old initial required reserves - New initial required reserves) * Percentage of excess reserves converted to loans by National Bank = (1/(8% + (1 - 60%))) * (50 million - $40 million) * 75% = 15.63 million

w.9: New transaction deposits = Current transaction deposits + Change in bank deposits = $500 million + $15.63 million = $515.63 million

w.10: Reserve deposits at Fed = New transaction deposits * New reserve requirement percentage = $515.63 million * 8% = $41.25 million

w.11: Loans = New transaction deposits - Reserve deposits at Fed = $515.63 million - $41.25 million = $474.38 million

User Loicmathieu
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