Final answer:
Problems within the kidney can lead to renal failure, which may be acute or chronic. Acute renal failure occurs rapidly, while chronic kidney disease progresses slowly over time. Common causes include diabetic nephropathy, polycystic kidney disease, and high blood pressure.
Step-by-step explanation:
Types of Renal Failure Caused by Kidney Problems
Any problem within the kidney itself can cause renal failure, which can either be acute or chronic, depending on various factors such as the trend in the serum creatinine levels. Acute renal failure is characterized by a rapid decline in kidney function, whereas chronic kidney disease (CKD) is marked by a gradual decline. Symptoms of kidney failure may include nausea, changes in urination, blood in the urine, and muscle cramps. In chronic cases, anemia and reduced kidney size are often observed. Conditions like diabetic nephropathy, polycystic kidney disease (PKD), and uncontrolled high blood pressure are common causes of kidney failure. Biochemically, an elevated serum creatinine level, along with a decrease in the glomerular filtration rate, indicates renal failure.