Final answer:
HEPA filters effectively protect against airborne pathogens by trapping them in a fine mesh. They are used in hospital ventilation systems and biological safety cabinets to maintain infection control but do not protect against low oxygen levels, gases and vapors, or elevated temperatures. Option C is correct.
Step-by-step explanation:
High-efficiency particulate (HEPA) filters are capable of protecting against a variety of respiratory hazards. Among the options provided, HEPA filters are effective at trapping airborne pathogens, such as viruses, bacteria, and molds, thus preventing them from circulating through the air.
HEPA filters are not designed to protect against low oxygen levels, gases and vapors, or elevated temperatures. These filters work by forcing air through a fine mesh that traps harmful particles like dust mites, pet dander, pollen, and tobacco smoke on top of microbial contaminants.
In the healthcare sector, HEPA filters are often employed in hospital ventilation systems and biological safety cabinets to preserve clean air environments, particularly in operating rooms, burn units, or isolation units, which necessitate stringent infection control measures due to the patient's elevated risk of infection. These filters contribute to providing a safer working environment by reducing the risk of airborne disease transmission.