Final answer:
An endothermic reaction absorbs energy as it occurs, and examples include photosynthesis and anabolic reactions, while exothermic reactions, such as cellular respiration and catabolic reactions, release energy. so, option D is the correct answer.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of reaction that absorbs energy as it occurs is known as an endothermic reaction. This type of reaction requires energy, typically in the form of heat, to proceed, and this energy is absorbed from the surroundings. In contrast, an exothermic reaction releases energy into the surroundings.
Identify Each Reaction as Endergonic or Exergonic
- Cellular respiration - This reaction is exothermic because it releases energy.
- Photosynthesis - This reaction is endothermic as it absorbs energy from sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose.
- Catabolic reactions - These are generally exothermic since they involve the breaking down of complex molecules into simpler ones, releasing energy.
- Anabolic reactions - These are typically endothermic because they involve the synthesis of complex molecules from simpler ones, requiring an input of energy.
The balance between the energy needed to break bonds and the energy released from forming new bonds determines whether a reaction is endothermic or exothermic. For instance, the combustion of methane in kitchen burners is exothermic, whereas photosynthesis is an example of an endothermic reaction, absorbing sunlight to create glucose.