Final answer:
Iron, chromium, and nickel will be oxidized by the ions of aluminum, as they are below aluminum in the activity series. Magnesium, on the other hand, will not be oxidized as it is higher than aluminum in the series.
Step-by-step explanation:
To determine which of the given metals will be oxidized by the ions of aluminum, we need to consult the activity series of metals. The activity series is a list of metals arranged according to their ability to be oxidized; the metals higher in the series will oxidize the ions of the metals lower in the series.
Aluminum is quite high on the activity series, which means that it is more easily oxidized than most other metals. Therefore, we are looking for a metal that is lower than aluminum in the activity series. Comparing the given options:
- Magnesium (Mg) is above aluminum (Al) in the activity series, so Mg will not be oxidized by Al3+ ions.
- Iron (Fe), chromium (Cr), and nickel (Ni) are below Al in the activity series, meaning that they can be oxidized by Al3+ ions.
Therefore, among the options provided, iron (b), chromium (c), and nickel (d) will be oxidized by the ions of aluminum, whereas magnesium (a) will not.