Final answer:
The US federal bureaucracy is overseen by the President and the US Congress (option b) . The President appoints heads of departments and agencies, subject to Senate confirmation, whereas Congress controls funding and approves appointments.
Step-by-step explanation:
The US federal bureaucracy is controlled by the President and US Congress. The President maintains executive oversight over the federal bureaucracy, which involves appointing the heads of various cabinet departments and independent agencies. These appointments typically require confirmation by the Senate. Moreover, Congress plays a significant role in bureaucracy oversight by controlling funding and approving presidential appointments.
Various agencies submit annual activity summaries and budget requests, and congressional committees hold hearings to manage and oversee these bureaucracies. These interactions between the President and Congress help ensure that the federal bureaucracy operates within the framework established by the U.S. Constitution, which segregates the legislative, executive, and judicial powers.