Question

In the research by Ader and Cohen, which of the conclusions below was significant to the study of stress and physical health?

a) The immune system has no connection to stress levels
b) The body's immune response can be conditioned
c) Stress has no impact on physical health
d) Stress is solely a psychological issue

Answer 1

Ader and Cohen's research demonstrated that the body's immune response can be conditioned, emphasizing the intricate relationship between stress and immune health within the field of psychoneuroimmunology.

Step-by-step explanation:

The correct answer is b) The body's immune response can be conditioned:

Research in the field of psychoneuroimmunology has challenged previous assumptions about stress and the immune system. The study by Ader and Cohen significantly advanced our understanding by showing that the body's immune response can indeed be conditioned. Their work highlighted the complex interactions between the immune, nervous, and endocrine systems. For instance, hormones like cortisol are known to suppress immune mechanisms, which showcases the influence of endocrine functions on immune responses. Furthermore, the existence of receptors for various neurotransmitters on white blood cells demonstrates direct connections between the nervous system and the immune system. Chronic stress has been found to inhibit immune responses and increase vulnerability to diseases, proving that psychological states can have profound physical effects.