Final answer:
Psychologists study behavior to understand and predict it, focusing on cognitive and physiological processes. Their work is grounded in empirical evidence and aims at improving lives and providing insight, not for manipulation or reinforcing stereotypes.
Step-by-step explanation:
Psychologists study behavior primarily to understand and predict behavior, which is option (c) According to your textbook. The field of psychology is interested in the cognitive, mental, and physiological processes that underpin behavior. Its scientific approach is empirical, relying on tangible evidence that can be observed consistently.
Unlike sociology, which is concerned with societal functions and structures, psychology focuses on individual behavior and mental processes.
The study of psychology is beneficial as it helps individuals learn more about themselves and prepares them for various careers. As a social science, psychology also takes into account how our interactions with others influence our behavior. Knowledge in psychology can be used to improve lives and, while not aiming to manipulate or reinforce stereotypes, it seeks to provide a deep understanding of human actions and thoughts.