Final answer:
To make the sentence true, 'evil' should be replaced with 'goodness,' reflecting humanism's emphasis on the potential and goodness within humans. Humanism does not focus on the potential for evil, which is more in line with existential or process philosophical discussions on the nature of good and evil.
Step-by-step explanation:
To answer the question regarding what should be changed in the sentence 'Humanism focuses on the potential for all people for evil': the correct option is b) Replace "evil" with "goodness".
Humanism is a philosophical and ethical stance that emphasizes the value and agency of human beings, individually and collectively, and generally prefers critical thinking and evidence over acceptance of dogma or superstition. The key idea in humanism is the potential and goodness within human beings, rather than focusing on a potential for evil.
Existentialism, on the other hand, discusses human freedom and responsibility, often delving into the angst and paradox of the human condition. This philosophy stresses that individuals create the meanings of their lives, which can sometimes intersect with the discussion of good and evil. However, it also asserts that 'evil' is often a human creation rather than an external force or entity.
In the context of the Problem of Evil, it is generally existentialist, and process thought that seeks to redefine or dissolve the notion of evil, suggesting that what we perceive as evil is part of a complex tapestry of existence in which free will and the human propensity to label experiences play a vital role. This philosophical investigation balances the understanding that concepts of good and evil are not immutable laws of nature but are subject to human perspective and context.