Final answer:
The correct answer is option a) Life instincts (Eros) and death instincts (Thanatos).
Step-by-step explanation:
According to Sigmund Freud, the two primary types of instincts are life instincts (Eros) and death instincts (Thanatos). The life instincts, also known as Eros, are those that deal with basic survival, pleasure, and reproduction. These instincts drive behaviors like thirst, hunger, and sex, and are the forces that compel humans to create and sustain life.
On the other hand, the death instincts, referred to as Thanatos, relate to our unconscious desire for aggression and the ultimate return to a state of calm, inanimate existence. These contrasting instincts are central to Freud's psychoanalytic theory, which includes the dynamics among the id, ego, and superego within the human psyche.