Final answer:
Erikson's basic strength associated with adulthood is generativity, which occurs during middle adulthood and encompasses the importance of contributing to society and future generations through nurturing roles and productivity.
Step-by-step explanation:
Erik Erikson, a notable psychologist, constructed a comprehensive theory of psychosocial development that outlines the central challenges individuals face at various stages of their lives. According to Erikson's stages of development, the main answer to the basic strength associated with adulthood is d) Generativity. This concept arises during middle adulthood when individuals are typically in their 40s to mid-60s. Generativity involves finding one's life's work and contributing to others' development, which includes activities like raising children, volunteering, and mentoring. Those who do not achieve generativity may experience stagnation, feeling disconnected and unproductive.In early adulthood, the focus is on intimacy versus isolation, where individuals aim to build deep personal relationships after establishing a sense of self-identity during adolescence. During late adulthood, the challenge shifts to integrity versus despair, where individuals reflect on their lives and seek a sense of fulfillment and acceptance of their life's journey.The concept of generativity is central in understanding the societal and personal development expected during adulthood as per Erikson's theory. It captures the drive to nurture and shape the next generation, leaving a lasting contribution to the world.