Final answer:
Alfred Adler's concept of the urge toward perfection as a motivator is compensation, which stems from an individual's attempt to manage feelings of inferiority by striving for superiority.
Step-by-step explanation:
The urge toward perfection that motivates each individual is what Alfred Adler meant by c) Compensation. According to Adler's theory of individual psychology, this drive is fueled by a need to overcome feelings of inferiority and the pursuit of superiority. An inferiority complex refers to a sense of inadequacy and not measuring up to societal standards, which Adler believed spurs us to strive for personal perfection and excellence as a form of compensation.
Adler's ideas were distinct from Freud's, as he did not emphasize sexual and aggressive urges as primary motivators but rather focused on social factors and feelings of inferiority during childhood development. The concept of compensation is pivotal in understanding Adler's perspective on human motivation, distinct from Freud's emphasis on the unconscious mind's influence on behavior as seen in theories of the id, ego, and superego.