Final answer:
True, teachers should create cognitive disequilibrium to motivate students, according to Piaget. The Declaration of Independence was based on John Locke's theories. IQ tests are seen as biased by conflict theorists, particularly for those with learning disabilities.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question addresses educational psychology and the theories of cognitive development by Jean Piaget. According to Piaget, true, teachers who wish to motivate students should create some level of cognitive disequilibrium. This is because cognitive disequilibrium acts as a catalyst for learning, encouraging students to resolve inconsistencies in their understanding by adapting their current cognitive structures (assimilation and accommodation). This process propels them towards the next stage of cognitive development, fostering deeper learning and intrinsic motivation.As for the rationale in the Declaration of Independence, it was indeed primarily derived from the theories of John Locke, which makes the statement true. Locke's concepts of natural rights, including life, liberty, and property, heavily influenced Thomas Jefferson's writing.In the context of IQ tests and conflict theory, the main concern is that these assessments may be biased. Conflict theorists argue that IQ tests do not provide an equal opportunity for all individuals, particularly affecting those with learning disabilities, which aligns with option (b).The term 'sorting' refers to tracking students by ability into different educational programs. Conflict theorists argue that this practice, option (b), tends to perpetuate divisions of socioeconomic status rather than benefiting students. This suggests that tracking may not always serve the best interests of all students and can reinforce existing societal inequalities.To answer the statement about interference, the false option is correct. The two types of interference in physics are constructive and destructive interference, not constructive and 'destructive interferences' as the plural form is not typically used in this context.