Final answer:
The correct answer is c) Humanistic psychology, which stresses the uniqueness of individuals and their potential for good, distinct from branches like cognitive psychology that study thought processes or behaviorism that focuses on observable actions and environmental influences.
Step-by-step explanation:
The branch of psychology that believes all human beings are unique and that people perceive the world in different ways is called Humanistic psychology. Humanistic psychology is a perspective within psychology that emphasizes the potential for good that is innate to all humans. Proponents like Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers argue for the importance of personal control, intentionality, and an innate predisposition for good in our self-concept and behavior.
Cognitive psychology, on the other hand, deals with the study of human thinking and mental processes. Cognitive psychologists are interested in the relationship between thought and behavior, while Behaviorists like B. F. Skinner believed that environment was solely responsible for all behavior, which could be understood through the study of observable actions without needing to consider internal mental states.