Final answer:
The answer is a) Jean Piaget / Lev Vygotsky. Piaget focused on stages of cognitive development with less emphasis on cultural factors, whereas Vygotsky's sociocultural theory highlights the importance of cultural context and interpersonal processes in cognitive development.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer to the question is a) Jean Piaget / Lev Vygotsky. While Jean Piaget did indeed focus on children's cognitive growth, his theory did not emphasize culture and education as primary factors in this development. Piaget believed that cognitive abilities develop through specific, discontinuous stages and that children's thinking and reasoning changes fundamentally as they progress from one stage to the next.
In contrast, Lev Vygotsky posited the sociocultural theory of development, which views cognitive development as a deeply social and cultural process. Vygotsky argued that children learn through interactions within their social environment and that cultural tools, such as language and social practices, shape their cognitive development in significant ways.