Final answer:
Societal stigma refers to the negative stereotypes and discrimination perpetuated by the public, while personal stigma is when individuals internalize these negative views and apply them to themselves. The correct answer is d) Societal; personal.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer to the question is: d) Societal; personal. Societal stigma happens when the public conveys a general disgrace, which can lead to widespread discrimination and negative stereotypes about certain conditions or groups. An example of societal stigma is the view that psychiatric illnesses are less legitimate than physical illnesses.
Personal stigma, also known as self-stigma, occurs when a person internalizes public attitudes and feels shame and inferiority about their own condition or identity. This could manifest in someone with a mental health issue who feels unworthy or inherently flawed because of their illness. the distinction between societal and personal stigma has significant implications for interventions aimed at reducing stigma and supporting individuals affected by it.