Final answer:
Serotonin is the neurotransmitter most closely linked to eating disorders due to its role in regulating appetite and satiety. Imbalances in serotonin, as well as other factors like genetics and dysregulation of hormones leptin and ghrelin, can contribute to disordered eating patterns.
Step-by-step explanation:
The neurotransmitter most closely linked to eating disorders is serotonin (a). Serotonin is thought to have an inhibitory effect on eating. When there is an imbalance of serotonin, it may lead to disordered eating patterns. This is because serotonin normally helps regulate appetite by inducing feelings of satisfaction and fullness. An imbalance in serotonin levels can therefore influence a person's appetite and lead to abnormal eating behaviors.
Moreover, biological factors including genetic predisposition and the imbalance of other neurotransmitters and hormones like dopamine, leptin, and ghrelin have been identified as contributing factors in eating disorders. Dopamine is associated with the reward system of the brain and influences how rewarding food is perceived, while leptin and ghrelin are hormones that help regulate hunger and satiety signals.